An innovative electronic project called Motion Sensitive Automatic Light Using 4017 & IR Sensor combines the sensitivity of an infrared (IR) sensor with the accuracy of a decade counter (4017 IC) to produce a lighting system that is both smart and energy-efficient. This project’s goal is to react to human movement by automatically turning on lights in a predetermined area when movement is sensed nearby.
This project adds a sequential switching mechanism by integrating the 4017-decade counter. This enables the connected lights to turn on in a specific sequence, creating controlled and organised lighting. The essential part of motion detection is the infrared sensor, which keeps the lighting system in standby mode until it is activated by the presence of a person or object.
This motion-activated automated lighting project is a great way to save energy, add simplicity, and provide security in a variety of environments, including homes, workplaces, and outdoor areas. This project shows how creative ideas can improve ordinary experiences by combining motion-sensing technologies with modern electronics.
Principle Behind Motion Sensitive Automatic Light
The IR sensor transmits a clock pulse to 4017 ic when a person crosses the sensor to enter a room. The light then comes on, and as soon as the person leaves the room, it instantly goes out.
The 4017 decade counter receives a clock pulse from the IR sensor each time it identifies an object. According to that theory, 4017 ic is initially set to the ON state and returns to the OFF state upon receiving another clock pulse.
CAUTION: Please take proper safety precautions while working on mains power supply as it is 230V AC source.
Project
Circuit Schematic
Components
- LM358 Op-Amp
- 4017 Decade Counter
- BC547 NPN Transistor
- IR LED & IR Transmitter
- 100uF/25V Capacitor
- 1000uF/25V Capacitor
- 220 Resistor (x4)
- 10K Resistor
- 10K Trimmer Pot
- 1N4007 PN Diode
- 5V Relay
- LED (Red, Green)
- 9V Battery
Working Principle of Motion Sensitive Automatic Light
An infrared LED emits infrared radiation constantly. Thus, some of these rays will reflect off of an object and return to the infrared receiver when it comes into contact with it.
The voltage between the IR receiver and the predetermined value is then compared by the LM358 op-amp. The output of the LM358 becomes high if the IR receiver detects any voltage fluctuation. The output pin (pin 1) of the LM358 IC is linked to the clock pin (pin 14) of the 4017 IC.
Thus, the 4017 ic receives the op-amp’s output as an input and uses it to modify the output pin 2’s current state. The BC547 NPN Transistor’s base is connected to the output of the 4017 decade counter. The transistor then turns high because it functions as a switch.
Subsequently, the circuit will activate the linked load by allowing electricity to pass through the 5V relay.
The IR receiver goes low in the same manner upon detecting the second clock pulse. The load linked to the 5V relay will then cut off after that.
Applications of Motion Sensitive Automatic Light
Outdoor Lighting: Increases security by automatically turning on lights at entrances, walkways or outdoor spaces in response to motion detection, which prevents potential trespassers.
Smart Lighting: By turning on lights only when essential and reducing needless use, smart lighting lowers energy consumption and promotes a more environmentally friendly and sustainable atmosphere.
Corridors and Staircases: This system eliminates the need for manual switches by providing hands-free lighting in corridors and staircases to ensure secure passage.
Public Restrooms: Improves hygiene in public restrooms by automatically turning on lights upon entry and turning them off after use.
Cabinets & Closets: Provides hands-free lighting for storage areas, providing efficient usage and savings of energy.